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Spain

What is happening there and why it matters.

So it makes sense

Spain is a country tested today by two things at once: migration and climate. Its exclave of Ceuta on the North African coast is the Union’s only land border with Africa — more than 80,000 people crossed it in the summer of 2026 and thousands stayed. At the same time wildfires and drought devastate the country year after year; in August 2026 a soldier died fighting fires in Aragon and the flames threatened monasteries holding the remains of Spanish monarchs. Spain is also a state of autonomous regions with their own identities, so Madrid’s relationship with Catalonia or the Basque Country is a permanent political theme, not an episode.

Who governs
The prime minister is Pedro Sánchez (PSOE). His government set up temporary accommodation in Ceuta for 1,800 migrants and, after criticism that it had underestimated the crisis, changed how it was managed. Sánchez also faces pressure inside his own party — after a raid on PSOE offices and the affair around Zapatero, questions opened about the budget and about his own position.
Who opposes
The government depends on the votes of regional parties, which makes the Catalan question a permanent lever. In July 2026 the EU Court of Justice ruled that Spain’s amnesty for separatists does not breach Union law, opening the way for Carles Puigdemont’s return. For part of the opposition the amnesty is the central charge against Sánchez.
Next election
The next parliamentary election is expected in 2027.

Context verified 30. 8. 2026. We update it when the government changes or an election comes — the news below is live.

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