Trnka is a Czech habitational surname, meaning a person who lived by a blackthorn bush, or trnka in Czech. The name may refer to:Andrea Trnková, Czech ice hockey player
Dobroslav Trnka (1963-2023), Slovak lawyer
Jaroslav Trnka, Czech physicist, one of the authors who introduced amplituhedron
Jiří Trnka (1912–1969), Czech puppet maker
Jiří Trnka (footballer) (1926–2005), Czech football player
Johann Trnka, Austrian murderer
Margareta Trnková-Hanne, Czech athlete
Pavel Trnka, Czech ice hockey player
Věra Trnková (1934–2018), Czech mathematician
Veronika Trnková, Czech volleyball player
Wenzel Trnka (1739–1791), Bohemian physician